ABSTRACT
The application of arthroscopy is becoming increasingly widespread due to the development of surgical instruments and techniques. Subtalar pathology can cause chronic pain in the hindfoot, but it is often misdiagnosed as a lesion of the adjacent ankle joint, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Subtalar arthroscopy and posterior endoscopy are good methods to confirm and treat the posterior pathology of the subtalar joint and posterior ankle joint.
Subject(s)
Ankle Joint , Arthroscopy , Chronic Pain , Delayed Diagnosis , Endoscopy , Pathology , Subtalar Joint , Surgical InstrumentsABSTRACT
STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVES: To report a case of osteosarcoma involving the thoracic spine in an elderly patient. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Spinal osteosarcoma has been reported as a relatively low incidence (3-5%) of musculoskeletal osteosarcoma. Dominant histologic type was osteoblastic. Radical excision or palliative excision followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy was tried. The overall prognosis was shown to be poorer than osteosarcomas in other skeletal areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of clinical and radiologic data of osteosarcoma involving the 12th thoracic spine that were confirmed by histopathology. RESULTS: Palliative surgery followed by adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy was performed. CONCLUSIONS: We report here the clinical and radiological findings of a case of osteosarcoma that arose in the thoracic spine with a literature review.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Incidence , Osteoblasts , Osteosarcoma , Palliative Care , Prognosis , SpineABSTRACT
The cystic teratoma is the most common germ cell tumors in reproductive age women. The malignant change of cystic teratoma is rare, about 1~2%, and mostly change to squ-amous cell carcinoma. We experienced 4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in cystic teratoma and re- port our cases with a brief review of the literature.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal , Ovary , TeratomaABSTRACT
Recurrent abortion has been defined as the occurrence of three or more clinically recognized pregnancy loss before 20 weeks and it occurs in 1% of women. The chromosomal abnormalities of abortuses have been suggested as the most common causes of recurrent abortion. We have studied the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in 57 patients with recurrent abortion using the chorionic villi samples. Of the 57 abortuses analysed, 32 (56.1%) had chromosomal abnormalities. Trisomy was predominant (23 cases, 40.4%), followed by mosaicism 3 (5.2%), tetraploidy 2 (3.5%), monosomy 2 (3.5%), and structural anomaly 1 (1.8%). Trisomy for the chromosome 16 was most prevalent among trisomies. The incidence of trisomy was positively related to matemal age above 35 year-old. But there is not statistically significant. And there are no correlation between gestational age and chromosomal abnormalities. In conclusion, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities of recurrent abortuses was 56.1% which was similar to that of the other reports. This means that the analysis of karyotype of chorionic villi, as the first test to investigate the cause of recurrent abortion, may be not useful, however, it will require further.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Abortion, Habitual , Chorion , Chorionic Villi Sampling , Chorionic Villi , Chromosome Aberrations , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 , Gestational Age , Incidence , Karyotype , Monosomy , Mosaicism , Tetraploidy , TrisomyABSTRACT
Scar endometriosis is one of the rare conditions among the extrapelvic endometriosis, but it often occurs after pelvic operation and episiotomy. Four cases of scar endometriosis following Cesarean section and episiotomy were exp- erienced and treated with complete surgical excision. Therefore we reported these cases with concerned literatures.